• br Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for

  2023-11-20

  

  Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript, and also thank Dr. Hans-U. Dahms for his comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation (2009-0071218) funded to Young-Mi Lee. This work was al

• γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester mg br Acknowledgements We than

  2023-11-20

  

  Acknowledgements We thank Dr. Stefan Schulte-Merker and his group members at the Hubrecht Institute (Utrecht, the Netherlands) for their invaluable support of the zebrafish studies. Our work is supported by grants from the Dutch Cancer Society (KWF) and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific

• br Contemporary understanding for alcoholic cardiomyopathy U

  2023-11-20

  

  Contemporary understanding for alcoholic cardiomyopathy Up-to-date, a number of theories are postulated for alcoholic cardiomyopathy including generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, neurohormonal overactivation (catecholamines and angiotensin II), apoptosis a

• The evidence points toward a role

  2023-11-20

  

  The evidence points toward a role for 12/15-LO activity in WAT in modulating chronic local inflammation and subsequent systemic metabolic decline in the obese state. However, little is known as to the role of 12- and 15-LOs in BAT. Indeed, in addition to WAT, platelet- and leukocyte-type 12-LO are e

• Several mechanisms have been suggested to account for

  2023-11-20

  

  Several mechanisms have been suggested to account for the causal association of ICAM-1 induction and leukocyte adhesion with DR, including oxidative stress [16], NF-κB [17], PKC [18], and bioactive lipids [19]. Our previous studies highlighted the role of bioactive lipid metabolites derived from 12/

• br Conflicts of interest br Introduction

  2023-11-20

  

  Conflicts of interest Introduction Arginase catalyzes the reaction in which l-arginine is converted to l-ornithine and urea. In humans, two arginase isoenzymes have been identified, arginase 1 and arginase 2, that differ in cellular location and tissue distribution [1]. Both arginase enzymes a

• Arginases from several species and tissues have

  2023-11-20

  

  Arginases from several species and tissues have been found to be inhibited by amino acids [51]. In the present study, monocarboxyilic amino acids with five or more carbon atoms such as ornithine, lysine, valine, leucine and isoleucine inhibited CL-ARG. The results revealed that as the amino HMPL-013

• There is a delicate balance

  2023-11-20

  

  There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and scavenging by the protective antioxidant defenses in the cell. Antioxidant systems present in the BET bromodomain inhibitor include enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalases, glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) and peroxiredoxins (PRxs) (Fi

• There is a delicate balance

  2023-11-20

  

  There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and scavenging by the protective antioxidant defenses in the cell. Antioxidant systems present in the Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate include enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalases, glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) and peroxiredoxins (PRxs) (Fig

• Previous studies have indicated that

  2023-11-20

  

  Previous studies have indicated that maximal IL-8 protein DIDS requires NF-κB activation as well as the activation of the MAP kinases ERK, JNK, and p38 (Li et al., 2002). In our study, NF-κB inhibitor can reduce the up-regulated IL-8 production by PRRSV infection, indicating that PRRSV-induced IL-8

• Several strategies have been employed to design and engineer

  2023-11-20

  

  Several strategies have been employed to design and engineer peptide biosensors of kinase activity, which are quite different from the strategies developed to generate genetically encoded KARs. In all cases, O6-Benzylguanine induces changes in the spectral properties of the fluorophore(s) incorpora

• The basis for the protonation of chitosan

  2023-11-20

  

  The basis for the protonation of chitosan is the alkaline primary amino group, which is also the reason for the special properties of chitosan (Guibal, Van Vooren, Dempsey, & Roussy, 2006; Tamer et al., 2017; Yang et al., 2014). Our previous work (Meng et al., 2012) and several other reports (Yan et

• Bioactive peptides contain amino acids with possible bioacti

  2023-11-18

  

  Bioactive peptides contain 2–20 amino acids with possible bioactivities including antihypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and opioid activity [9], [10], [11]. There has been a great interest in antihypertensive peptides for their efficiency in lowering blood pressure. The antihyper

• Defining the multiple roles of

  2023-11-18

  

  Defining the multiple roles of autophagy in stroke has been a rapidly evolving and exciting venue for translational research, with innovative products being applied from bench to bedside. Spanning pharmacological pathway manipulation and functional experimental validation, altered autophagy activati

• As previously mentioned when hypoxia treated cells

  2023-11-18

  

  As previously mentioned when hypoxia-treated cells become re-oxygenated they sustain a significant amount of DNA damage which has been attributed to the formation of reactive oxygen species . This finding represents more than just an interesting in vitro phenomenon as within a tumor, cells have been

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