• In mouse the naive phase

  2018-10-22

  

  In mouse the naive phase of pluripotency can be captured in culture in the form of embryonic stem hmg-coa reductase inhibitors (ESCs) (reviewed by Nichols and Smith, 2012). Dual inhibition (2i) of MEK1/2 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) (Ying et al., 2008), optionally in combination with the c

• Ectopic bone formation is a standard activity

  2018-10-22

  

  Ectopic bone formation is a standard activity of human BMSC on calcium phosphate ceramics, such as β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HA)/TCP (Krebsbach et al., 1997; Kasten et al., 2005, 2008; Mankani et al., 2006; Sacchetti et al., 2007; Janicki et al., 2010, 2011), particularly wh

• The second most stable reference gene in the

  2018-10-22

  

  The second most stable reference gene in the present study comparing OA- and healthy BMSCs is IPO8. The IPO8 gene product is a member of the importin-β family responsible for the nuclear import of proteins (Dean et al., 2001). Furthermore, it is involved in cytoplasmic miRNA-guided gene silencing an

• In a first part of this

  2018-10-20

  

  In a first part of this study, the presence of angiogenic proteins in the conditioned medium of DSCs and HGF-1 was determined by means of an antibody array. This general screening demonstrated the differential secretion of multiple angiogenesis-related factors by the studied cell populations. In-dep

• In the heart Shiojima et al utilized

  2018-10-20

  

  In the heart, Shiojima et al. (2005) utilized an elegant transgenic murine model in which cardiac-specific Akt1 expression promoted physiological hypertrophy in the short-term, but pathological hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy with longer term transgene induction. Supporting the concept of vascular-ca

• Sustained constitutive activation of Notch

  2018-10-20

  

  Sustained, constitutive activation of Notch1 signaling or stimulation with the Jagged1 soluble ligand maintains long-term proliferation of cultured cardiomyocytes, delaying their differentiation into mature beating cells (Boni et al., 2008). This phenomenon should not be interpreted as cell dediffer

• br Acknowledgment This research was supported by the

  2018-10-20

  

  Acknowledgment This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81371188 and 31170888). Introduction Hematopoietic stem GLPG0634 (HSCs) are the only adult stem cells that can sustain lifelong blood cell production through their self-renewal and differenti

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion The role

  2018-10-20

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The role played by Nurr1 in the regulation of NPCs across several acetylcholine chloride regions has been extensively investigated. It has been suggested that Nurr1 may exert a strong control on both the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs int

• melatonin receptor agonist In our reprogramming culture asid

  2018-10-20

  

  In our reprogramming culture, aside from insulin production, we also observed expression of α and δ cell hormones, glucagon and somatostatin, respectively in a sub-population of cells. This is likely due to the constitutive expression of reprogramming factors Ngn3 and Pax6. Both transcription factor

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Expression of

  2018-10-20

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Expression of a defined set of transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC) reprograms human somatic cells to a pluripotent state, generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) (Park et al., 2008b; Takahashi et al., 2007; Yu et al., 2007). iPSCs are simi

• Single cell expression profiling has allowed researchers to

  2018-10-20

  

  Single-cell expression profiling has allowed researchers to test the idea that gene expression variability reflects true biological variation in cellular mRNA levels. For example, in an analysis of individual pancreatic islet cells, the transcripts of insulin genes Ins1 and Ins2 were highly correlat

• The concept of neoblast specialization at wounds is importan

  2018-10-20

  

  The concept of neoblast specialization at wounds is important in understanding planarian regeneration and opens many avenues for future inquiry. For example, how is the neoblast response tailored to the identity of missing tissues? Do specialized neoblasts amplify their population, or do specialized

• MaSC numbers must be tightly

  2018-10-20

  

  MaSC numbers must be tightly regulated through a balance of self-renewal, differentiation, and senescence to prevent tumorigenesis, while accommodating high levels of cell proliferation during pregnancy. Several secreted factors such as WNT and Hedgehog promote self-renewal, but little is known abou

• br Results br Discussion These data identify a transmembrane

  2018-10-20

  

  Results Discussion These data identify a transmembrane molecule that negatively regulates AKT signaling via modulation of mTORC2 (Figure 4E). It joins the small number of mTORC2 upstream interactors, such as ribosome components (Zinzalla et al., 2011). Its transmembrane, putative cell-surface

• Direct cell reprogramming technology is

  2018-10-20

  

  Direct cell-reprogramming technology is based on the dominant action of cell-lineage transcription factors (TFs) in converting adult somatic cells into different cell types (Graf and Enver, 2009). This technique represents a promising avenue in the field of regenerative medicine, with the potential

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